Comprehensive Sex Ed. Programs vs. Abstinence Only...

Comprehensive Sex Ed. Programs vs. Abstinence Only Programs Sexual education programs taught in high schools nationwide would be much more effective if instead of focusing exclusively on abstinence only programs, they taught a much more comprehensive program, which informed the adolescents how to be safe when it comes to dealing with sexual activities. Abstinence only programs are the widely favored programs of the past and of present time, but now more and more adults are starting to believe their children would be better educated if they were involved in a more comprehensive program, that not only emphasized the teachings of abstinence but taught their children how to be safe, and how to deal with the consequences of their sexual†¦show more content†¦However, these ideas do not teach the students who have already had sex or participated in sexual activities, or those students that do not believe waiting until marriage is right for them how to be safe. It is basically information that is going in one ear and out the other. If these programs also taught the students information on contraceptives and how to deal with consequences, at least the parents know that their kids have the information on how to be safe. Abstinence only programs are state funded. Many of the nation’s tax dollars go out to teach these programs. Although, it is good that the money is being given to support some sort of Sex Ed program, many people are starting to believe that their tax dollars should go to support the program they choose which many times is now the comprehensive sex ed program. The opposing program to abstinence only programs is the comprehensive sex education program. This program does not focus on abstinence only, but teaches the students about contraceptives and how to be safe when involving themselves in sexual activities. â€Å"Substantial evidence of theShow MoreRelatedSexual Education And Sex Ed1697 Words   |  7 PagesSexual education (sex ed) in public schools has long been a controversial and debated topic in society. There are several questions when it comes to approaching sex ed in schools. These questions include: appropriate age for introducing sex ed; should sex ed be mandatory or optional; and whether sex ed programs should be comprehensive or abstinence-based. Sex ed is a necessary subject to teach in schools. It should be appropriate to the grade level and taught in a knowledgeable, unbiased manner.Read MoreEssay on Abstinence vs. Comprehensive Sex Education1339 Words   |  6 Pagesfunding was put to use in â€Å". . . sex education programs that promote abstinence-only-until-marriage to the exclusion of all other approaches . . .† according to the article â€Å"Sex education† (2010) published by â€Å"Opposing Viewpoints in Context;† a website that spec ializes in covering social issues. Since then a muddy controversy has arisen over whether that is the best approach. On one hand is the traditional approach of abstinence (not having sex before marriage), and on the other is the ideaRead MoreAbstinence And Comprehensive Sex Education999 Words   |  4 PagesI lean towards the abstinence side of the argument between abstinence and comprehensive sex education because of my religious beliefs. Although I feel abstinence should be the focus of sex education, I think it is important to teach young people a balance to protect themselves. While researching this topic, it seems that many of the articles have the same idea to teach abstinence along with safe sex which would be comprehensive sex ed. With the rising sexual transmitted diseases and pregnanciesRead MoreThe Debate For Comprehensive Sex Education1212 Words   |  5 PagesThe Debate for Comprehensive Sex Education Across the United States of America there is wide spread support for abstinence-only education. A majority of states require that abstinence-only education be the only form of sexual health education provided, or requires that abstinence be stressed above other forms of sexual education. These highly stressed abstinence-only programs are under fire as research comes out against the efficiency of these programs, and as new forms of sexual health educationRead MoreSex Education : Which Is Better? Essay1718 Words   |  7 Pages Abstinence or Comprehensive Sex Education: Which is better? Sex is in the air, everywhere. It is seen when the television is turned on in the morning, it is used to sell hamburgers and cereal, and is the cornerstone by which we gauge our success. Sex is everywhere and the youth of today need to be equipped to handle it safely. There are two primary paths that can be taken when referring to sexual education: Abstinence or a more comprehensive education. Abstinence educationRead MoreThe Effects Of Sexual Education On Public Schools1702 Words   |  7 Pagesmarriage to have sex. Sexual education taught in public schools does raise a couple of eyebrows because some parents think that young adults should not learn about sex at their age. Sexual education is very important for young adults to either use abstinence or condoms. Sexual education in schools are the proper classes for young adults to know about the different diseases that gets passed around and pregnancy. Social media plays a big role in this generation encouraging young adults that se x is ok whenRead More Abstinence-Only vs. Comprehensive Sex Education Essay2397 Words   |  10 Pagesthe early 1980s the issue of sex education for American youth has had the attention of the nation. There are about 400,000 teen births every year in the U.S, with about 9 billion in associated public costs. STI contraction in general, as well as teen pregnancy, have put the subject even more so on the forefront of the nation’s leading issues. The approach and method for proper and effective sex education has been hotly debated. Some believe that teaching abstinence-only until marriage is the best methodRead MoreSchool Based Sex Education Is Important For Youth1178 Words   |  5 Pages School-Based Sex Education in Youth Sam Thienel English 11 Mrs. Adelman 17 May 2017 School-Based Sex Education in Youth Thesis: School based comprehensive sex education is important for youth because it will help prevent teen pregnancy, the government fully supports sex education in schools, and youth’s parents feel youth should be properly taught sex education. Outline: Prevent teen pregnancy Comprehensive sex program vs. abstinence-only Birth controls role in sex education classesRead MoreEssay on Should Sex Education be Taken Out of Schools?969 Words   |  4 Pagesincreasingly active sex lives. No longer is sex education left to teachers and parents to explain, it is constantly in our faces at the forefront of our society. Regardless of sex education curriculums and debates about possible changes, children and teenagers are still learning everything they think there is to know about sex from very early on in their young lives. However, without responsible adults instructing them on the facts about sex, there are more likely to treat sex in a cavalier and offhandedRead More Abstinence Only Sex Education Essays2119 Words   |  9 Pagesdisparity can be attributed to factors such as income inequality, the presence of abstinence only education has a major impact on birth and STD rates in the United States in comparison to other countries with more comprehensive programs. It is clear that this difference in approache s has a significant effect, and the United States needs to act to ensure the health of its citizens. Urgent actions are necessary because abstinence only education is becoming more popular in the United States and more and more

How Media And Electronics Can Be Good For Not Only Self...

Imagine a life without phones,television, and computers. There would be no way to communicate long distances, and none of the technological companies we have today (apple, samsung) would exist. Screen-free week, a worldwide celebration is where kids,parents,schools, and even whole townships â€Å"pull the plug† on electronics for an entire week. Journalists believe that screen free week is a huge step to lessening use of electronics among teens around the globe. Many townships like Hillsborough, New Jersey are debating about pulling the plug and going back to the books for the entire week of May 4th to May 10th 2015. This â€Å"screen-free week† celebration is known to help people get off their electronics and interact with real people instead over social media where as people can take advantage of people and/or steal information. However, many schools are against screen-free week and are saying that social media and electronics can be good for not only self esteem but, can help people learn too! Yet, more than a thousand people are doing it world wide, and are working to help convince others to join the international celebration of screen-free week. As a result, screen-free week can help increase social interaction between teens, get rid of the everyday destruction of electronics in school, and help increase privacy among peers. Many websites such as, facebook and instagram can help people make new, valued friendships and assist people with communicating worldwide but, there is a newShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Social Media1743 Words   |  7 Pagespublic, notice how many people are immersed in their cellular devices. I bet you will see a lot, and most likely these people are on their social media accounts. According to Brooke Lusk, the database and media manager for the Prevention Researcher, social media can be defined as, â€Å"an aspect of the internet which allows individuals and groups to create and publish online content, share the content, and interact about it.† These days, people are very involved with the internet and social media. Some thinkRead MoreEffects Of Social Media On Mental Health1206 Words   |  5 Pageswas sent. This was the beginning of social media. Social media is a form of electronic communication through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other contents. Social media sites are like fads where people eventually stop using them and move on to the next one. This essay will be about the effects of social media on the mental health of the main users of social media. The age group that uses social media the most is 12-17 but the majority of peopleRead MoreCyberbullying Does Not Have A Good Effect On Self Esteem871 Words   |  4 Pages With social media and the internet being as accessible as it is today, cyberbullying has become one of the more â€Å"popular† ways to bully someone. Cyberbullying is using the internet or electronics to send a threatening or intimidating message to another person to incite fear or anger. This has become a problem in today’s society, because it is having a negative impact on our young people. Cyberbullying causes low self-esteem, psychological, and physical stress to the young people who fall victimRead MoreDigital And Print Media s Effect On The Self Respect Of The Older Generation1045 Words   |  5 PagesElectronic and print media have brought about sweeping changes in human life and have had far-reaching implications for all walks of life. Originating in the early 15th century, the printing pres s of the newspaper made the first appearance in Germany in the late 1400 s in the mode of news pamphlets or broadsides (Barber, P. 2014) [1]; and now people are easily capable of getting information through various digital devices such as sophisticated televisions and smart phones. Mass communication, howeverRead MoreSelf-Esteem an Social Media985 Words   |  4 PagesFacebook Activity and Self-Esteem Self-Esteem Self-esteem serves as the foundation for many components of who we are and our views on life. High levels of self-esteem have been correlated with greater satisfaction in multiple important aspects of life, including professions, salaries, relationships, and physical health (Orth, 2012). While good self-esteem can be associated with many benefits, low self-esteem is accompanied by countless negative qualities. In a recent study, it was found that adolescentsRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1397 Words   |  6 PagesSocial media seems to have taken over. It seems every twelve to fifty-year-old I know is glued to their smartphone or tablet, Tweeting, checking in on Facebook, sending silly pictures via SnapChat, or posting their last meal on Instagram. Not to mention all of the people followed on Tumblr, Pinterest, and Untappd that aren’t known personally, they just have common interests and shared ideas. What does this mean for our developmentally vulnerabl e youth? Social media is great for broadening socialRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society Essay1339 Words   |  6 Pagessurrounded by different social media sites: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, and more, is being influenced one way or another and some without even realizing it. Throughout my lifetime I have seen a gradual increase in the amount of social media sites, the use of magazines, and the audiences of television shows and movies. All are experiencing a steady growth that is inflicting a negative outcome on society. With so many different influences from one form of media to the next, it is difficultRead MoreNegative Effects Of Social Media Essay805 Words   |  4 Pages The Negative Effects of Social Media Instagram, Snapchat, Facebook, Twitter, you name it. A form of social media created for communicating with others. Social media, first created by Mark Zuckerberg in 2004, launched the first real form of social media, now known as Facebook. Since then, social media has grown and is now used daily by people across the globe. But in reality, how healthy is social media for us? Social Media, the interest of today’s society and a part of our dailyRead MoreThe Effects Of Electronic Devices On Children And Adolescents Essay1463 Words   |  6 Pagesis time to stop using an electronic device. Children and adolescents today spend â€Å"1 to 3 hours per day during the week and between 1 to 4 hours per day on the weekends† (Kappos, A.D. pg. 556) on computer games, viewing videos, watching television and internet surfing to name a few. The use of electronic devices has changed the life of children/adolescent and have exposed them to a volatile and irreparable outcome, in their social interaction with peers and family, self-perception, behavior andRead MoreThe Effects Of Bullying On Children s Involvement1730 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Thompson was found dead in his bedroom by his mother Sandra when she returned home from work. Thomas was only eleven-years old and turned to suicide by overdosing on painkillers to escape the bullies at his school. According to James Tozer from Daily Mail (2015), â€Å"Thomas is believed to be the youngest child to take his own life because of alleged bullying.† Sadly, this is not the only story of its kind when it comes to bullying, suicide or the school’s involvement. Josh Sidorowicz from Fox17

Small Business Economics

Question: Discuss about the Small Business Economics. Answer: Introduction The financial characteristic of a firm is related to a great deal of things and this includes things like the expenditure and the income that is being earned by the firm. Along with it, the financial characteristic of the firm depends on a great deal on the view of the person and on the group of the people as well. For instance, the Commonwealth government payment type, measurable income, recurrent expenditure and the income source recurrent helps in determining the financial characteristic of the firm (Price, Rae Cini, 2013). A large firm consists of not only a relatively great size but at the same time it consist a huge organization as well. The large firms most of the time are of good quality as well. On the other hand, the small firms are those firms, which is privately owned and operated. In small business or in a small firm the number of employees that are there are small in number. The global market is a competitive market, where the small business or the firms have to compete with the large as well as with the well-established business. It is possible that in the same marketplace both the small and the large business are operating together, yet they will have differences, and those too significant differences, which could affect the business operation (Bentolila, Jansen, Jimnez Ruano, 2013). There are times when the small businesses are grouped together for analysing, but then the industry where the small business operated helps in determining the financial characteristic of the business. The employment of the people working in the small firms, have reduced by 11% in the recent years and the business that had 50 or more employees under the payroll, there it has decreased by 7%. In the period of 20007 and 2012, most of the small businesses faced a disproportionate job loss, and in the overall scenario, the job losses are double the 30% share of the total employment. Thus, the situation is such that one could not find out the things that went wrong with the small business firm and thus the study tries to analyze the gap at a methodological level. Problem Statement Small businesses are those businesses that have a tendency of migrating towards the less capital-intensive industries, whereas in case of large businesses or firms the company tends towards the more capital-intensive industries (Whyman Petrescu, 2015). Therefore, the large firms are into manufacturing, transportation, telecommunication, mining and technology. On the other hand, the small businesses or the firms are into the service sector as well as in the retail sector (Varum Rocha, 2013). Therefore, it is true that the small firms have the faster turnover and at the same time it has a higher turnover at the same time. Even after that, the small firms are prone to probability of loss of sales as well, and this is there because the firm suffers from inadequate capacity, inventory and credit. Large companies or the firms has more dependence on profitability and on the return on investment, which helps them to maximize their stock price; On the other hand the small businesses do not give emphasis is given to the maximization of the company rather greater emphasis has been provided to cash flow, turnover and liquidity (de Wit de Kok, 2014). Therefore, in an economic downturn the small businesses suffer more than large enterprises, because the financial resources that they have are limited, along with having shortcomings in the managerial sector and at the same time having shortcomings in case the human capabilities as well (Aga, Francis Rodrguez-Meza, 2015). Moreover, as compare to the large firms the number of customers and the suppliers that the small firms have are relatively low, therefore, it become difficult for the small firm to sustain in the competitive market, especially during the time of economic crisis. The scenario therefore, tries to find an answer to the problem that what actually went wrong with these small sized firms. The study therefore uses both the empirical evidences and the research methodology to find an answer to this particular problem. Research Objective The aim and the objective of this particular research proposal are to investigate the fact that why the small business or the firms are having job losses, and how it is affecting the performance of the firm. Apart from investigating an answer for this particular question, the study tries to answer the following research question at the same time: RQ1: How the employment loss is affecting the performance of the firm? RQ2: How can the small firms respond to these phenomena of job losses? RQ3: What are the factors that are responsible for the job losses in the employment sector? RQ4: How the job losses are affecting the sustainability of the firm in the competitive market where the firm compete against the large and established companies? RQ5: How high employment turnover could have an affect on the small business and firms during the economic downturn. Justification of the Project The small firm businesses or the SMEs had created huge amount of job opportunities in the OECD countries, especially in the countries like USA, Italy and Japan. Apart from creating job, opportunities in these countries created new avenues in the area of employment, and the SMEs are successful in creating disproportionately new jobs for the people (Ayyagari, Demirguc-Kunt Maksimovic, 2014). The SMEs, although have succeeded in creating it, they have not succeeded in increasing the higher turnover in the employment sector. One of the main reason behind this is the fact that most of the SMEs, stays in the market not even more than five years, thus creating problem regarding job security. Moreover, things as survivals, growth as well as the profitability of the small sized firms are hugely different from the large sized firm because of the financial characteristic of the both the small sized and the large sized firms are vastly different. The small sized business have the lack of collat eral security, therefore, they have to face the problem of credit rationing and at the same time they have to face the problem of giving higher interest to the banks. The particular problem is such a problem that is most of the time not faced by the large sized firms. It is true that with the increase in private equity in the market there has been an increase in the number of the venture capitalist. The venture capitalist truly provide funds to the start ups as well as to the SMEs, but at the same time it is true as well that even then there lies a difference between both the countries. In such a situation, the justification or the benefits of conducting this particular proposal are the following: The managers of the SMEs could use the research to fight the problem of lower turnover of the employment and thus could improve their performance at the same time by increasing the turnover of employment and decreasing the job losses. The start-ups could use the research or the study to have a broader view or the knowledge about lower turnover of employment and job losses. The study will therefore, help them in their new venture or business. The research proposal would explicitly help in understanding the problems that the SMEs face due to job losses, and how it affects their sustainability in the competitive market and increase the differences that are there between the large and the small sized firms. Expected Research Outcome The possible outcome of this particular study will be that it would provide an analytical framework, which would be helpful in investigating those factors that could result in the job losses in the small sized firms. The research outcome would help the small-scale firm to come up with such a strategy that would help them to increase employment turnover, and this employment turnover, would ultimately help in the growth and the development of the firm. The research outcome would also help the firm in coming up with those strategies that would be helpful for the firm to have a high rate of employment turnover, which would help the firm during the time of economic crisis or during the time of economic down turn. The research outcome would try to answer all the five research questions that have been laid before and this would be done with the help of data collection, finding, and at the same time with the help of a deep analysis, which would be empirical in nature. The outcome of this par ticular work can be viewed as an important work in the field of academics, with relation to the problem that has been stated before in the beginning of the proposal. Apart from providing an answer to the research question, the particular proposal would try to answer the question that is related to the objective that has been stated in thee beginning of the research. The answers would be provided with the help of the findings, data collection and along with the analysis that would be made. The research outcome would not only be beneficial for the existing small sized business and firms but at the same time it is beneficial for the new start up companies as well, it would play an important role in guiding them, and would help them to make effective strategic decisions. Conceptual Framework and Hypothesis The financial structures of the SMEs are such that only a small proportion of the SMEs have achieved the success; and had enjoyed the success (Banerjee, 2015). According to research and scholars, only 50% of the total SMEs, who come up each year, could at least survive for around five years or more. The others could not even survive for that much of time; and the reason behind the decline is very simple and that is the SMEs, are less financially supported organization (Nguyen, 2013). Therefore, it become difficult for them to sustain in the competitive market, moreover, the policies of the government are not neutral towards the SMEs, thus the support that the large financial organization receive is more, whereas the support that the small financial organization receives is very less. Thus, it is obvious that the financial organization could not provide security to the people and thus most of the people working in the organization tend to leave that small-scale organization to gain mo re security (Chinedu Eze, Duan Chen, 2014). The 7% decline in the employment rate mostly occurs in the constructional sector or to be more specific it occurred in the wholesale trade area (Mudambi Doh, 2013). The SMEs, who were located in both the cities as well as in countries are affected because of these declines (Thornton, 2015). There was although, a different picture as well, and that was the young, and not that much established SMEs showed a growth in the employment rate especially during the time of 2005 to 2008. The two opposites pictures are likely to create a positive image, but then such was not the case, the decrease in the employment rate has a negative impact on the SMEs, and those are the following impacts: At least 40% of the SMEs faced a problem at the time of obtaining the finance. The crisis had a negative impact on the overall demand that is there in the market. Companies faced problem regarding innovations; almost 70% of the SMEs, were considered as modest innovators (Laforet, 2013). The differences that were there between the large and the small firms based on the size became prominent. (Figure 1: The Employment Created by Different SMEs During 2005 to 2008 Source: Varum Rocha, 2013). The problem statement and research objectives would help in forming two important, Research Hypothesis, those are: H1: Null Hypothesis: The job losses in the employment sector do not have any impact on the SMEs H2: Alternative Hypothesis: The job losses are having a huge impact on the SMEs. Methodology The following research methodologies would be undertaken, in this particular research: Literature Review: The particular research requires an in depth analysis of the literature and for the in depth analysis of the literature it is important to gain information from different sources (Hamari, Koivisto Sarsa, 2014). It include sources like Google Scholar, journal articles, data collected from the online sources, are the important sources as well (Panneerselvam, 2014). There will be a thematic analysis of these documents, which will help in understanding the effect that job losses could have on the SMEs, especially during the time of economic crisis (Mackey Gass, 2015). Data Series and Surveys/Questionnaire (The Method of Data Collection): Information that is required for this particular research could be collected through the process of series of data collection (Flick, 2015). Apart from data, collection through data series surveys would also be conducted to find out what are the factors that are responsible for the job losses that are taking place in the SMEs (Blumberg, Cooper Schindler, 2014). The surveys would also help in having the viewpoints of the people who are working in these SMEs, and it would help in knowing their beliefs and their thoughts, whether they had sense of insecurity or not (McMillan Schumacher, 2014). The questionnaire would be given to the people or to the respondent helped in knowing that how the SMEs react to the problem of job losses (Lewis, 2015). In the questionnaire, the five-point Likert scale has been used. In this particular scale 1=Strong Positive Effect to 5= Strong Negative Effect; and along with it the data survey or the data collection method also use the eleven items that are related to both financial and non-financial measures. Observing Key Indicators of Job Losses: The National Bureau of Economic Research and the other data obtain from the government source would help in determining the key indicators of the study. In fact, these sources have determined certain key indicators, which will help in measuring the impact that will be there on the SMEs if they face the problem of job losses (Bryman, 2015). Data Analysis Method: Two kinds of data analysis will be used in this particular research and these two types of data analysis are the qualitative and the quantitative way of analysis. The quantitative way of data analysis will include the descriptive statistical analysis, including the mean, median and mode as well as the deviation and the distribution of the key variables (Jensen, 2013). The hypothesis testing would be carried out with the help of regression analysis. The concept of the literature review would help in analysing the qualitative data (Taylor, Bogdan DeVault, 2015). The particular research would use all methodologies that are being discussed here. The in-depth review of the literature would help in understanding the problem then the data that is being collected through questionnaires and survey should be organized properly, and then should be analysed in a proper way (Creswell, 2013). Organisation of the Study The research would be organized in the following way: Chapter One: The first chapter or the chapter one will be based on that Research Proposal that has been described in this particular assignment. Chapter Two: Chapter two deals with the in-depth analysis of the research and the case study of job losses in the small sized firms or in the small sized business. Chapter Three: The details of the methodology would be provided in Chapter three; and this would include the literature review, data series and the surveys, and this would include the data collection method at the same time. Along with it observing key indicators of job losses in SMEs would be included, and it would have the inclusion of Chapter Four: The findings and the analysis of the proposed research would be included in chapter four. Chapter Five: Summarization of those findings that are important and this chapter would also discuss the implication that the SMEs would have due to job losses. Gannt Chart The table here shows the time that would be required to complete the whole research Task Proposal Start Day End Day Duration Project Proposal 2/06/2016 21/03/2016 19 days Literature Review 22/06/2015 8/07/2016 16 days Data Collection 9/07/2016 9/09/2016 61 days Data Analysis 10/09/2016 10/10/2016 30 days Final Report Submission 11/10/2016 12/11/2016 31 days Project Budget and Budget Justification The estimated budget of this particular project is around $3500, and the timeframe within which the particular research would be conducted, is 12th November 2016. The fact is mentioned in the Gannt Chart. The reasons behind having this particular estimation of this budget are the following: The research includes a Literature Review, and to conduct this particular Literature Review, it is important to take the help of the academic journals, textbooks and online resources. The resources are accessed with money and it requires around $1250. The process of data collection could not be carried out with the help of the email because there are chances that the email would be there in receivers spam mail box. Thus, the data collection process should be carried out through the process of face-to-face interview. The face-to-face interview would help in knowing how the managers of the SMEs face the problem of job losses, and the views of the employees working and those who have left could be found as well. There can be a time when physically approaching the person would not be possible and in such a situation, things should be sent to the people by post. Therefore, the required estimated amount in case of data collection is around $1500 Accessing the charts and the government data for data analysis also requires the fund of around $750 Purpose Estimated Amount to Spend Literature Review $1250 Data Collection $1500 Data Analysis $750 Total Budget Estimated $3500 Conclusion The problem of job losses in SMEs should be a topic of research, since in todays world, there are more and more new start-ups and SMEs coming up everyday. Therefore it is important that these start ups and the SMEs, have the knowledge about these things and that would help the companies in strategic decision making, which would help them to increase the employment turnover rate that will be innovative for the company and at the same time it would also be beneficial for the existing SMEs as well. References Aga, G. A., Francis, D., Rodrguez-Meza, J. (2015). SMEs, age, and jobs: a review of the literature, metrics, and evidence. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, (7493). Ayyagari, M., Demirguc-Kunt, A., Maksimovic, V. (2014). Who creates jobs in developing countries?. Small Business Economics, 43(1), 75-99. Banerjee, S. (2015). Development and validation of a conceptual framework for IT offshoring engagement success. Bentolila, S., Jansen, M., Jimnez, G., Ruano, S. (2013). When credit dries up: Job losses in the great recession. Blumberg, B. F., Cooper, D. R., Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business research methods. McGraw-hill education. Bryman, A. (2015). Social research methods. Oxford university press. Chinedu Eze, S., Duan, Y., Chen, H. (2014). Examining emerging ICT's adoption in SMEs from a dynamic process approach. Information Technology People, 27(1), 63-82. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications. de Wit, G., de Kok, J. (2014). Do small businesses create more jobs? New evidence for Europe. Small Business Economics, 42(2), 283-295. Flick, U. (2015). Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Hamari, J., Koivisto, J., Sarsa, H. (2014, January). Does gamification work?--a literature review of empirical studies on gamification. In System Sciences (HICSS), 2014 47th Hawaii International Conference on (pp. 3025-3034). IEEE. Jensen, K. B. (Ed.). (2013). A handbook of media and communication research: Qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Routledge. Laforet, S. (2013). Organizational innovation outcomes in SMEs: Effects of age, size, and sector. Journal of World business, 48(4), 490-502. Lewis, S. (2015). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Health promotion practice, 1524839915580941. Mackey, A., Gass, S. M. (2015). Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. McMillan, J. H., Schumacher, S. (2014). Research in education: Evidence-based inquiry. Pearson Higher Ed. Mudambi, S. M., Doh, J. (2013). Broadening the Conceptual and Phenomenological Scope of Offshoring. In The Offshoring Challenge (pp. 369-383). Springer London. Nguyen, T. (2013). Knowledge transfer conceptual framework for small businesses. In 27th ANZAM Conference. Panneerselvam, R. (2014). Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. Price, L., Rae, D., Cini, V. (2013). SME perceptions of and responses to the recession. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 20(3), 484-502. Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., DeVault, M. (2015). Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Thornton, D. B. (2015). Different Conceptual Accounting Frameworks for Public and Private Enterprises: Commentary on Canada's IFRS Transition and Suggestions for International Empirical Work. Accounting Perspectives, 14(3), 168-189. Varum, C. A., Rocha, V. C. (2013). Employment and SMEs during crises. Small Business Economics, 40(1), 9-25. Whyman, P. B., Petrescu, A. I. (2015). Workplace Flexibility Practices in SMEs: Relationship with Performance via Redundancies, Absenteeism, and Financial Turnover. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), 1097-1126.

Positive Psychology Interventions example Essay Example For Students

Positive Psychology Interventions example Essay In the United States 20% of the adult population report that they are living a ?ourishing life (Keyes, 2002). However, a high percentage reports feeling as if they are ‘‘stuck’’ or ‘‘want more’’ and are yet not diagnosable with a mental disorder (Fredrickson, 2008). Because happiness has been found to be the source of many desirable life outcomes e.g. career success, marriage, and health, it is of importance to understand, how languishing individuals can reach this ideal state: How can well-being be enhanced and misery reduced (Lyubomirsky, King, Diener, 2005). Over the past decade, research in the ?eld of positive psychology has emerged to provide evidence-based methods to increase an individual’s psychological well-being, through so called positive psychology interventions (PPI’s). PPI’s are treatment methods or intentional activities used to promote positive feelings or behaviour. PPI’s vary from writing gratitude letters, practicing optimistic thinking and replaying positive experiences. A meta-analysis of 51 independent PPI studies demonstrated significant results in the effectiveness of PPI’s increasing well-being (49 studies; r = .29) (Sin Lyubomirsky, 2009).Seligman (2010) found that positive interventions tend to be addictive and self-sustaining. I would like to analyze the effectiveness of PPI’s by speaking about my own experience participating in three PPI’s: â€Å"Expressing Gratitude†, â€Å"3 Good Things† and â€Å"Random Acts of Kindness†, to see if I can agree with Seligman’s argument.My journey of the process started with the PPI â€Å"Expressing Gratitude†. The task instructed to write down five things one is thankful for, each day, for a week. Wooh, Froh Gerahty (2010) defined gratitude as a habit of noticing and being aw. . (2001) showed that grateful individuals were especially appreciative of the contribution of others to their happiness. Expressing gratitude and reviewing three good things highlighted this, and reminded me to show my loved ones my gratitude. According to my personal experience, I would not agree with Seligman saying that PPI’s are addictive but they are definitely refreshing. Participating in PPI’s once in a while raises ones awareness to remember the positive aspects of life with and to treat ones subjective-well-being. However, I do agree with his argument of the self-sustaining effect of PPI’s. Due to participating in PPI’s, I try to be consciously aware of being grateful and kind to others as it increases my well-being. However, but it has to be practiced consistently due to negatives and stresses of our everyday life in our society that are always persistent.

Controversies over freedom of speech and Internet postings

Introduction Within the past decade, the internet has become a source of communication and collaboration wherein people become capable of expressing views and opinions to a worldwide audience. It is a tool for free speech that has allowed the dissemination of ideas across cultures and continents, resulting in a much more informed global society.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Controversies over freedom of speech and Internet postings specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the reasons why it has become a famous avenue of communication and collaboration has been the general consensus by viewers and listeners alike that the mass media is invariably biased, thus necessitating a better means of learning about global and local events. However, various governments have attempted to restrict such freedom by implementing measures of control to limit the potential such a method of communication could cause in te rms of inciting riots against the government due to unpopular policies or actions. Despite online posts being an extension of the freedom speech which is an inalienable human right, it must be questioned whether the restrictions over online freedom of speech are necessary given the potentially volatile nature of its outcomes? What is the Freedom of Speech? The concept of the freedom of speech is attributed to being a fundamental human right wherein people are given the ability to exchange ideas, information or concepts without fear of censorship or interference (Deibert, 1-25). In fact, it is a First Amendment right within the U.S., which prevents the government from establishing laws that infringe upon an individual’s inherent right to free speech and peaceful petition (Anderson, 120). It must be noted though that despite the Freedom of Speech being a first Amendment right, subsequent amendments to the constitution as well as various historical acts such as the Sedition Act of 1798 and the Espionage Act of 1917 have, as a result, limited the application of the Freedom of Speech to certain boundaries (Anderson, 120). The reason behind this is rather simple, as a fundamental human right available to a human being from birth the Freedom of Speech can, and most often is, abused in order to pursue a personal or group goal. Why do governments attempt to limit online free speech? What must be understood is that online free speech is a powerful tool for change; it can instigate profound social and political changes within a nation or even society as a whole which at times is detrimental towards prospective goals set by governments. For example, the revolution that occurred in Egypt which toppled the regime of Hosni Mubarak, as well as the uprising that brought down Mohammed Morsi, were caused by the power of online speech (i.e., via online social media) inciting the masses towards revolution. In fact, the current changes happening in the Middle East today are a direct result of the ideas carried by the power of online speech from country to country resulting in revolutions which have toppled numerous incumbent government regimes (West and West, 38).Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The power of online free speech has also been known to exact social change wherein the â€Å"Green Movement† has incited changes in behaviors attributed towards greater awareness regarding environmental problems, environmental stewardship and the need to advocate methods of resource conservation (Deibert, 1-25). This was accomplished via there numerous online articles and viral media campaigns. From this, it can be seen that the power of online free speech is truly profound, however, based on the example of Egypt and the Middle East, unmitigated online free speech can be a cause for concern for various governments since such methods of communication can and will result in actions which may disrupt various plans that the government has set into motion. What must be understood is that governments are stewards of their people in that their primary purpose is to ensure the continued existence of the state and the stability of society. It is due to this role that governments play that in order to ensure social stability, various laws and acts are usually implemented which inhibit individual freedoms in order to ensure continued peace and stability. This explains why individual acts created to limit the Freedom of Speech have been imposed in various cases in U.S. history as well as in the cases of other countries due to the need to limit the possible destabilizing effects that the Freedom of Speech can bring on a case to case basis. Based on the examples given, it can be said that while online free speech can help in creating a progressive society, unmitigated online free speech, on the other hand, acts as a destabiliz ing force that can incite nationwide riots. This is one of the primary reasons why governments have attempted to regulate freedom of speech online given the potential it has for inciting chaos as a result of displeasure over the policies enacted by governments (Bradner, 28). The following section will explore the various attempts governments have utilized to impose restrictions on the freedom of speech and how the citizenry of various countries do not seem to realize that one of their basic human rights is being violated as a direct result of silent acquiescence. Imposed Restrictions on Online Freedom of Speech One of the issues with the imposed restrictions over freedom of speech within the context of the internet has been the acquiescence of the general population within certain countries towards the limitation of online activities due to a distinct lack of proper informed consent. Informed consent can be defined as an individual understanding the full implications and possible fu ture consequences of an event, activity, or trial that they are about to enter into. It is usually the case that informed consent is applied as an inherent right for participants when it comes to activities or actions that may have extenuating implications after an act has been performed (Bradner, 28).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Controversies over freedom of speech and Internet postings specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This applies to situations wherein an individual’s opinions, thoughts or arguments could possibly be used against them in the future or even extends to activities wherein their physical or mental state may experience a certain degree of aversion to the acts that are performed on them. For example, informed consent is usually required by hospitals before surgery or administering certain types of medication due to the possible complications that may arise. Informed consent is al so utilized in cases involving psychological treatment or experimentation wherein patients are informed of the possible implications/ramifications of the procedures that they will undergo. Through informed consent, individuals, institutions and organization in effect absolve themselves of any potential legal problems by showing that the patient/volunteer in question was fully informed of what would happen to them, the apparent risks and yet consented for the acts to be performed nonetheless (Bradner, 28). In the case of restrictions of online freedom of speech, it should be noted that there is little in the way of sufficient informed consent when restrictions are implemented. For example, in the case of â€Å"the Great Internet Wall of China† (an epithet used to describe the barriers to internet activity that occur within the country), there was no informed consent involving the limitation of the right to freedom of speech online, rather, limitations were unilaterally impleme nted by the Chinese government due to â€Å"subversive elements towards societal harmony† that they correlate with unhindered online activity. As a result, internet postings within the country’s localized intranet (i.e. referring to a networked connection that is limited to a particular area or region) are heavily regulated with information that presents the state or the government in a bad light being subject to deletion with the internet poster also being brought up on criminal charges should they be found. Similar restrictions can be seen in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the U.A.E (United Arab Emirates) and even in â€Å"westernized† societies such as Australia and Japan wherein there are imposed restrictions on the types of sites that can be accessed, a majority of which are usually deemed â€Å"socially subversive† (often related to views opposing that of the government or illegal pornography) resulting in their inaccessibility and possible prosecution of th e website owners if they are located within the country. One of the most prominent examples of imposed restrictions over online freedom of speech can be seen in the case of Wipas Raksakulthai, a 37-year-old Thai national who was arrested in the eastern Rayong province of Thailand due to Facebook post he made which insulted theAdvertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thai monarchy (West and West, 38). Further examination of this case showed that the country actually has a criminal code that specifically states that it is illegal to insult the monarchy of the country with possible jail time for such an act sometimes reaching 15 years or more. Taking this into consideration, it can be seen that restrictions on freedom of speech is not limited to actions within the physical world but extends to the virtual world as well. A similar case was noted in China’s recently implemented â€Å"anti gossip† law which specifically targets viral posting online which are meant to illicit public anger at the government or portray a specific government service in a bad light (West and West, 38). What these examples show is that the idea of the internet as an unassailable platform for the sharing of ideas and expression of thoughts is far from a reality given the numerous restrictions that are arbitrarily being imposed on it on a daily basis. Yet, when examining the limitations that have been put in place, literary sources show that there is little in the way of sufficient informed consent on the part of the general public regarding the denial of an essential fundamental human freedom. What exists in its place is an arbitrary imposition of government will to prevent people from making their displeasure at the government’s activities known which could result in mass action resulting in the destabilization of the state (West and West, 38). While it may be true that it is the government’s responsibility to ensure the continued survival of the state, the fact remains that such an activity should not be done through a violation of fundamental human rights, yet, such violations are continuously being enacted on a daily basis on the online activities of their citizens whereby the views they express online are being limited to what the government deems as â€Å"acceptable†. However, one must question why limitations are being implemented on the freedom of speech online when the news media would generally express such views in the first place given their position as the â€Å"4th Estate† whose responsibility is to act as a fundamental function in the checks and balances system between the government and the general public. The following section will delve into answering such a question and will showcase why online freedom of speech is increasingly being restricted given its potential as a means of subverting the will of the government. Freedom of Speech Online as a form of Unbiased News The problem with the mass media at the present is that the news that is presented is usually edited, scripted and developed based on the needs of those in power. The views that are presented are often presented in such a way that they create a greater sense of appeal towards the general public which makes it less likely that incidents of outright anger at the government would occur. Through the perspective of Heaton (2011), it can be seen that the propaganda model helps to create an explanation behind the power of mass media within the current capitalist economy of the United States (Heaton, 38-41). The propaganda model presents the notion that the content produced by mass media outlets is invariably aligned with the inherent interests of the political and economic elites in that the produced content supports the current sociological and ideological biases that this specific sector of the population espouses. Through such support, this, in turn, impacts the perception of viewers who rely on the media as a means of information regarding daily events around them (Heaton, 38-41). Based on the study of Heaton (2011), it was seen that the correlation between the propaganda model and the power of the media can be summarized on the impact of irrational exuberance as a means of influencing the behavior of a media outlet’s audience. Irrational exuberance can be defined as the means of by which an individual molds their behavior on the actions of other people. It is defined as being â€Å"irrational† since some individuals tend to take things at face value resulting in their opinion being swayed by outside media without necessarily considering the other side of the issue. One example of this can be seen in the recent case involving Trayvon Martin, an African American teen that was shot by George Zimmerman in an act of supposed self-defense. The coverage of the media involving this particular case continuously focused on the issue of race as being the prime factor behind the shooting with the media portraying Zimmerman as being racist towards African Americans (Roy, 98). What was â€Å"neglected† to be mentioned was that Zimmerman had, in fact, helped an African American family in the past and was not known to be overly racist. By placing the case of Trayvon Martin and the lack of sufficient coverage of both aspects of his life through the lens of the propaganda model, it can be seen that the issue was in part used as a means of furthering the cause of gun control advocacy. President Obama himself used the issue as a means of furthering stricter gun controls measures which at this particular point time was a â€Å"hot button† issue so to speak (Roy, 98). This shows how the mass media as it is known today has its own inherent biases in portrayal and presentation which are impacted by the powers that be (i.e. government and corporations) wherein issues are edited and presented based on what they want people to think and how irrational exuberance can set in to impact the decisions of viewers (Roy, 98). In the case of media ethos, it can be seen that they type of ethos it espouses is a type of â€Å"artifice†, meaning that is created, manufactured, made, constructed, etc. It can be considered a type of surface image which may, in fact, have an entirely fictitious relationship to what is actually true. This aspect is ex emplified by the four main aspects of the propaganda model namely: funding, ownership, sourcing and flak. In the case of media ethos, what must be understood is that the way which an idea or concept is â€Å"packaged† drastically changes the perception of the audience towards accepting the idea itself or the validity of its statements. The assertions made by Heaton (2011) regarding the impact of the 4 factors of the propaganda model, when boiled down to its very essence, says the following: â€Å"the media is controlled by outside forces who can influence what you read and in turn how you think†. It is in the way that such a concept is packaged and presented to the public that changes the perception of the people to the idea that what they receive is an edited version of the news. It is not outright explained that the news is based on the interests of currently established powers (i.e., corporations and the government), rather, the mass media presents itself as unbiase d despite what the propaganda model shows is a situation where bias is actual aspect of its operations. Based on what has been presented in this section, it can be seen that not everything that is presented by the news media is accurate. When access to information is controlled by the very source of that information, it is evident that the source would not willingly release data that would place it in a bad light. While the media has a responsibility to its readership/viewership to present the facts as they are and not as the government wants them to be portrayed as, the fact remains that the current system is not oriented towards such a practice since most media conglomerates are profit-oriented resulting in the need to develop a positive cooperative relationship with government entities in order to continue to have access to information and to even function in the first place. On the other end of the spectrum, various news blogs, message boards and social media sites have acted as the means by which people are able to present their viewpoints regarding particular situations in a way that is not edited and scripted by government news policies resulting in a presentation of the facts as they are. One clear example of this can be seen in the Pike (2011) study which examined the disparity in the views regarding the current state of the U.S. economy between ordinary citizens and the news media. While media outlets and various experts that were brought on various shows stated that the economy was thriving with the job crisis in the U.S. effectively being â€Å"resolved† to a certain degree, a separate examination was conducted involving Yahoo, Google Plus and other internet websites wherein users were polled regarding their perception of the current state of the U.S. economy (Pike, 28). Thousands of responses were sent in which showed that nearly all of the respondents did not feel the economy improving in the slightest with little in the way of sufficient job opportunities being made available (Pike, 28). When taking this into consideration, it can be seen that the presentation of the current economic situation is oftentimes misrepresented due to the potential societal fall out that would result from continuous coverage of a deteriorating economy. One way of understanding why this occurs is through the study of Geller (2012) which explains that the freedoms accorded to â€Å"netizens† (i.e., people posting online) is often free of the biases inherent in news media today. As a result, they are able to present the news from a micro-perspective (i.e., from a personal point of view) as compared to the macro-perspective often utilized by the news media (Geller, 12). While it may be true that on a macro-scale, it can be seen that there are economic improvements, what is not stated is how such improvements actually impact ordinary citizens. It is often the case that the numbers that are presented do not tell the entirety of the story . For example, Geller (2012) explains that while the information released regarding increases in the amount of hiring for 2013 shows an improved hiring situation, in truth, the jobs that were announced were primarily for part-time workers in low-level service positions and are not an accurate representation of improved job growth. However, when examining the Pike (2011) study, it was seen that the micro-scale perspective presented by the internet posters showed the current job market as it is, namely dismal and lacking in sufficient openings. This is one of the primary disparities in information presentation that exists at the present wherein through online speech the â€Å"truth of the matter† can be revealed. This is one of the reasons why freedom of speech online is currently being assailed by various governments since it allows the presentation of uncontrolled and unbiased information and views that showcases how the present economic and political situation is actually li ke. Through online freedom of speech, the capacity of governments to control what sort of information is presented to the general public is severely limited thus necessitating the various restrictions that were presented in the previous section of this paper. The following section will delve into the justification for the limitation of online free speech. It Justifying the Limitation of Online Free Speech As mentioned earlier, online free speech can either act as a great instrument for progressive social change or violent social consequences depending on its inherent application. Limitations to free speech (whether in the virtual or real-world) should thus be created in terms of their intended social consequences and be justifiable rather than a generalized limitation on certain topics (Tsering, 1). For example, the protest of the Westboro Baptist Church members at the funeral of Marine Lance Corporal Mathew Synder should have been prevented due to the intended social consequence of inciting discrimination against homosexual groups. The purpose of such a protest was obviously to continue to propagate the idea of hate and bias against the homosexual population and as such, can be considered an abuse of an inherent right. Similarly, the depiction of President Obama as a chimpanzee being shot is equally an abuse of rights since it directly connects to the various events suffered by the African American people that constitute racial prejudice and discrimination (Tsering, 1). What must be understood is that while there are various critics who state that the right to online free speech should be defended, the fact remains that its utilization as a platform for the spread of destabilizing and hateful ideas prevents it from becoming a right that does not need to be limited (Pelosi, 1). Allowing the unmitigated spread of socially damaging ideas and causes not only creates societal destabilization as seen in the various cases in the Middle East but incites different gro ups to spread hate-filled messages which do not have any positive effect on society (Pelosi, 1). The fact is the freedom of speech, in its ideal form, acts as an integral component in a check and balances system that ensures that the government acts for the benefit of the public. By ensuring that critical public issues such as war, economic rights and other societal problems are allowed to be discussed openly and without censorship, this in effect guides public opinion either for or against particular government mandates or actions. This limits the ability of the government to unilaterally act on various whims since it must always take public opinion into consideration before it accomplishes specific actions (Anderson, 120). As a result, this creates a balanced system wherein the government continues to be accountable to the people through the use of the Freedom of Speech. For example, legislation in the U.S. preventing various offshore drilling activities was actually brought about through the online â€Å"Green Movement† and mass public opinion (incited via social media) against the possible environmental damage it would cause. What must be understood though, is that certain limitations must be implemented on particular aspects of the freedom of speech since not all activities created through it can be deemed as socially beneficial (Anderson, 120). For example, while various posts online are usually based on an individual’s experiences and their points of view, a large percentage of online posts are usually hate-filled rants with insufficient justification behind the posts made. Often times such posts are meant to incite and inflame public opinion with unjustifiable claims. Reports regarding the illegitimacy of the U.S. President (i.e., the birth certificate issue), claims regarding the religion of the current U.S. president, hate-filled rants directed at government officials or at particular religious are all views that are meant to anger and inflame the general populace due to irrational exuberance, yet, such views have little in the way of sufficient justification behind their implementation (Freedman, 69-70). Due to its role as steward of societal stability, the government has the responsibility to ensure that elements which seek to destabilize society are limited in order to ensure the propagation of social harmony. For example, the case of the arrest of the Ku Klux Kan leader in the Brandenburg vs. Ohio case is a clear example of the government performing its role as a social steward by limiting actions (racial hatred) that creates strife and destabilization in society (Freedman, 69-70). It is based on cases such as this that certain justifiable limitations on the Freedom of Online Speech can be implemented so long as they are meant to prevent the spread of socially destabilizing messages of hatred, bias and anger. Conclusion Based on the facts presented it can be seen that the freedom of speech online is an essenti al concept to society since it acts as a platform of not only the free exchange of information, ideas and concepts but also as an integral part of a checks and balances system between society and the government. What must be understood, though, is that online freedom of speech can easily be abused in order to spread messages detrimental towards continued societal harmony. It is due to this that the government, acting as a steward of societal stability, needs to impose certain justifiable limitations on the utilization of the freedom of speech online in order to ensure that any action incited by free speech does not damage the current peaceful societal structure we enjoy today. Given the current state of the news media, an alternative means of spreading news and information is necessary, however, such freedoms need to be controlled through implicit consent from the general public and not through the unilateral implementation utilized by the government. Works Cited Anderson, Ross. â⠂¬Å"Free Speech Online And Offline.† Communications Of The ACM 45.6 (2002): 120.Print. Bradner, Scott. â€Å"The ‘Net: Open Field For Political Comment.† Network World 23.37 (2006): 28. Print. Deibert, Ronald J., and Rafal Rohozinski. â€Å"The Geopolitics Of Internet Control.†Ã‚  Conference Papers — International Studies Association (2007): 1-38.Print. Freedman, David H. â€Å"The Technoethics Trap As The Line Between Right And Wrong Gets Blurrier, Even The Best Intentions Have A Way Or Backfiring.† Inc 28.3 (2006): 69-70. Print. Geller, Tom. â€Å"The Future Of Free Speech Online.† Communications Of The ACM 55.9 (2012): 12.Print Heaton, Brian. â€Å"Social media vs. free speech.† Public CIO 9.4 (2011): 38-41.Print Pelosi, Nancy. â€Å"Pelosi: Allen-Bass Internet Free Speech Act Protects Bloggers And Campaign Finance Laws.† FDCH Press Releases (n.d.):1.Print Pike, George. â€Å"LEGAL ISSUES. Online Privacy Protection Gai ning Momentum.†Ã‚  Information Today 28.5 (2011): 28. Print. Roy, Prasanto K. â€Å"Social Media: The Freedom Of Speech.† PC Quest (2013): 98.  MasterFILE Complete. Web. Tsering, Lisa. â€Å"Salman Rushdie Speaks Out on Censorship. (cover story).† India — West  15 Mar. 2013: A1. MasterFILE Complete. Web. West, Dennis and Joan West. â€Å"Big Brother’s Terms And Conditions Do Apply.† Cineaste 38.4 (2013): 38. Print. This research paper on Controversies over freedom of speech and Internet postings was written and submitted by user Adrien J. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Most Popular French Listening Exercises

Most Popular French Listening Exercises There are more than a hundred listening exercises on this site, ranging from simple dialogues to in-depth listening comprehension exercises. While the topic matter of a listening exercise doesnt necessarily matter (getting listening practice is usually the primary goal), some exercises definitely get a lot more traffic than others. The most visited listening pages tend to be those that offer practical advice or discuss someone or something famous. Here is the most popular French listening audio practice that DotDash has to offer. Beginners French numbers Work on your comprehension of French numbers with these random number generators. At the store Simple dialogue between a storekeeper and a customer. Intermediate/Advanced Le Bois de Boulogne Discussion of Bois de Boulogne, one of the most famous parks in Paris. Intermediate/advanced French in France Introduction to French in France (dialects and standard French) and the Dictionary of French Regionalisms. Eiffel Tower A report on visitors to the Eiffel Tower. Guignol Learn about Frances beloved puppet Guignol and its creator. Les Deux Magots Interview with the manager of the famous Deux Magots cafà © in Paris. Tintin Tintin is a world-renowned Belgian comic strip - learn about the character and its creator. Bistrots Paris Cafà ©s have long been a Parisian institution, but they have changed a great deal over the years. Accents in France French varies from country to country and from region to region.

What is Performance Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What is Performance Management - Essay Example individual responsibility for the continuing improvement of business processes needs to be established, and individual skills and contributions need to be encouraged and nurtured. One tool for monitoring performance management is  performance appraisal. For organizations, performance management is usually known as company performance and is monitored through business appraisal. For Mega-Widget Company, Performance Management’s is beneficial as it facilitates the organization’s capacity to deliver strategic and operational goals which can be translated to a growth in sales, reduction of costs, and increased operational efficiency ultimately translating to greater competitiveness and enhanced the bottom line. It also provides the employee a clear understanding of how meeting target performance adds value to the organization’s strategic goals (Mithas, 2011). For the individual employee of Mega-Widget Company, Performance Management is beneficial as it creates an environment that motivates employees to be at its best. Through Performance Management, employees are also able to know how much and how they are contributing to the growth of the organization. And as the employees contribute to the growth of the organization, Performance Management provides the incentive structure by which employees are rewarded for achieving if not exceeding their goal in the organization (Salden and Sowa, 2011). Performance feedback is the  on-going  process between employee and manager where information is exchanged concerning the performance expected and the performance exhibited. Constructive feedback can praise good performance or correct poor performance and should  always  be tied to the  performance standards (Mithas, 2011) Performance feedback is designed to improve the performance of employees as correlated to Performance Management. It serves as a mechanism to reinforce and praise positive behavior and as a corrective measure to a less than desirable performance.